Attitude instrument flying: fundamental skills
- Instrument cross-check
- The continuous and logical observation of instruments for altitude and performance info
- Necessary do to human error
- Instrument interpretation
- Understanding the information provided by cross-checking
- No one instrument is more important than the other, however, during some maneuvers, some instruments provide more useful information
- These instruments are referred to as primary
- Aircraft control
- The result of accurately interpreting the flight instruments
- Important to know the approximate power setting required for your aircraft
- Scanning errors
- Fixation
- Full concentration on one instrument
- Emphasis
- Spend to much attention on one instrument
- Omission
- Forget to interpret one or more instruments
- Scanning techniques
- Hub and spoke
- Attitude indicator in between all others
- Rectangular
- Goes round and round
- Primary/support concept
- Some instruments give you more info than others
- Primary/supporting
- Straight and level
- Primary pitch : altimeter
- Primary bank: HI
- Primary power: ASI
- Supporting : Vsi , turn coordinator, MAP
- Constant airspeed climb
- Primary pitch: ASI
- Primary bank: HI
- Primary power: MAP
- Constant rate climb
- Primary pitch: VSI
- Primary bank: HI
- Primary power: ASI
- Turn
- Attitude indicator is primary bank when entering the turn
- When turn coordinator indicates standard rate turn, it becomes primary
- Unusual attitude recovery
- May be caused by turbulence, disorientation, instrument failure, confusion,etc.
- Correct for bank, pitch, and power with attitude indicator and map - almost simultaneously
- Nose-high attitude
- Add Power FIRST → full throttle
- Nose-low attitude
- Decrease power FIRST→ pull throttle
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