Monday, July 1, 2019

Ground Lesson 29 (17): RNAV approaches

RNAV approaches



  • Approach design
    • Basic T design
    • Could be other designs based on terrain
    • FAF is usually 5 NM from threshold 
    • MAP usually at the threshold, and fly over point 
      • Common fail during stage checks and check rides 
      • You have to fly over that point before starting a turn
      • You can start climbing before

  • Terminal Arrival Area (TAA)
    • Provides transition from the en route structure to the terminal environment for arriving aircraft equipped with Flight Management System (FMS) and/or Global Positioning System (GPS)

  • Waypoints
    • Fly over and fly by

  • Required navigation performance (RNP)
    • Ground Lesson : Radio navigation

  • GPS approaches
    • Two major category 
      • Overlay
        • Based on a ground based NAVAID like a VOR
        • This is when the title says “VOR or GPS”

      • Stand alone 
        • Designed only for GPS
        • Usually offers more effective routing
        • Use the basic T structure when possible

  • Lateral Navigation/Vertical Navigation (LNAV/VNAV)
    • Ground Lesson: Approach procedures

  • VNAV descent profile Approach with Vertical Guidance (APV)
    • Ground Lesson: Approach procedures

  • Precision approaches
    • Ground Lesson: Approach procedures

  • GPS equipment requirements
    • Ground Lesson : Radio navigation
    • GPS must be IFR approved 
      • That info can be found in the manual

    • Aircraft's must be equipped with an approved and alternate means of navigation

  • Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM)
    • Ground Lesson : Radio navigation

  • Navigation database
    • Ground Lesson : Radio navigation

  • GPS navigation considerations
    • Alternate airport must have other than GPS approach
    • The approach must say GPS to be able to use your GPS for the approach
    • Radar vectors to a GPS approach
      • Go to GPS procedure page and activate vectors to final

  • Radar vectors to a GPS approach

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